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Firefighter modification of EV-55 aircraft
Petruška, Ondřej ; Vaněk, František (referee) ; Krmela, Luděk (advisor)
Diplomová práce se zabývá přestavbou dvoumotorového letounu EV-55 vyvíjeného společností Evektor s.r.o. na požární verzi. Konstrukční úprava odpovídá předpisu CS-23 Amendment 3. Nejprve je provedena studie a porovnání se současnými konkurenčními požárními letouny. Na základě této studie je zhodnocena vhodnost letounu EV-55 pro přestavbu na požární verzi a stanoveny požadavky, které musí požární EV-55 splňovat z hlediska konkurenceschopnosti. Na základě těchto požadavků a certifikačních předpisů je provedena hlavní část práce - konstrukce hasicího zařízení a navrženy nutné konstrukční úpravy trupu letounu. Dle uvedeného předpisu je dále provedena pevnostní kontrola zařízení a trupu s úpravami. Na závěr je zhodnocen vliv hasicího zařízení na letové výkony a stabilitu letounu.
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Lesné požiare v Českej republike a na Slovensku
Kľuchťáková, Katarína
The thesis consists of two parts dealing with the problem of forest fires on the territory of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The first part is theoretical, based on the available statistical data. It describes a forest fire in our conditions in general, its characteristics and consequences for forest ecosystems. It presents the occurrence and the extent of forest fires over the last decades in both countries, the applied systems of fire protection and the effects of climatic and site conditions on the emergence of forest fires. The most threatened regions are determined and the situation in the Central European countries is compared. The second part focuses on the field research carried out at the Staré Hory fire prone locality in the Veľká Fatra mountains (Slovakia), which was repeatedly affected by forest fires in the past. It characterizes the specific features and the protected natural values of this area that affect the choice of the management and protective measures aimed at forest fire prevention. It defines the circumstances of the emergence of forest fires, describes the state of the fire-affected sites and subsequent development of forest stands after the fires. Using the forestry geoinformation system, it maps the local occurrence of forest fires and brings a proposal of forest management measures applicable in practice for fire prevention in this locality.
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A study of the behavior of selected metals in affected environments using an isotopic approach
Santos Baieta, Rafael ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Navrátil, Tomáš (referee) ; Tejnecký, Václav (referee)
Metals of anthropogenic origin have consistently polluted the environment. This thesis focuses mainly on highly contaminated soils or tree rings near mines and smelters in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, Portuguese soils were also assessed to study Pb isotopes in post-fire soils. The tracing capabilities of Pb isotopic ratios were employed to determine contamination sources and to evaluate the potential of pine trees as an environmental archive. Several analytical methods were applied, such as catalytic oxidation, Q-ICP-MS, ICP-OES, FEG-SEM/EDS, EPMA, XRD, etc. Soils near smelters located in three different cities [Kabwe (Pb-Zn), Luanshya (Cu, Co), and Selebi Phikwe (Ni, Pb)] exhibited concentrations of metals greatly exceeding those deemed acceptable by the competent authorities. In Kabwe, for example, concentrations of Pb exceeded 16 000 mg kg-1 . In all sites, contamination was shown to be significant only in the upper ±15 cm of soil. Samples of soils taken in remote locations were always clear of contamination. In Luanshya, metal(oid) bearing particles found in the soils were typically spherical and composed of rapidly cooled sulfides and oxides in the flue gas chambers of the local smelter. These were present only in the topsoil. The tree ring record of pine trees in Kabwe was shown to mimic the...
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Wildfires in Spain and Czech Republic
Rumbo Cabanilles, Adrian Francisco
Wildfires have been having increasing importance through the last two decades in the Mediterranean region. The scope of this thesis is to describe and understand the causes, fuel and spreading of the fire with the aim of comparing the Mediterranean wildfires to central European wildfires. The countries selected for this comparison are Spain and the Czech Republic. Although the wildfires in Spain are ten times more numerous and burn one hundred times more forest area, the distribution is more or less similar to the wildfires in the Czech Republic. Because of this similarity, the notion of climate change should be addressed with the correspondent importance. The shift in species and climatic conditions will approach the Czech Republic to actual conditions in Spain, increasing the risk of fire and loss of habitats due to the lack of post-fire regeneration that central European species have. In the same scope, Spain would face increased recurrence of fires and the desertification risk that the deforestation would increase. Therefore, the use of new technologies available should be necessary in the identification of the fire in the early stages and the fighting labours.
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The role and importance of unmanned systems (UAS) in forest fire monitoring
Semecká, Šárka ; Bogdan, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Komárek, Jan (referee)
Main objective: To evaluate the utilization of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for monitoring forest fires in order to support their implementation in the Czech Republic. Sub-objectives: Based on the study of professional studies and literature to analyze the current use of unmanned systems for monitoring forest fires abroad. Define the types of UAS and their components potentially suitable for solving the issue. Suggest possible steps to apply this system in the Czech Republic.
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Firefighter modification of EV-55 aircraft
Petruška, Ondřej ; Vaněk, František (referee) ; Krmela, Luděk (advisor)
Diplomová práce se zabývá přestavbou dvoumotorového letounu EV-55 vyvíjeného společností Evektor s.r.o. na požární verzi. Konstrukční úprava odpovídá předpisu CS-23 Amendment 3. Nejprve je provedena studie a porovnání se současnými konkurenčními požárními letouny. Na základě této studie je zhodnocena vhodnost letounu EV-55 pro přestavbu na požární verzi a stanoveny požadavky, které musí požární EV-55 splňovat z hlediska konkurenceschopnosti. Na základě těchto požadavků a certifikačních předpisů je provedena hlavní část práce - konstrukce hasicího zařízení a navrženy nutné konstrukční úpravy trupu letounu. Dle uvedeného předpisu je dále provedena pevnostní kontrola zařízení a trupu s úpravami. Na závěr je zhodnocen vliv hasicího zařízení na letové výkony a stabilitu letounu.
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